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三篇短文第一眼看的时候会有点不知所措，其实仔细分析，都是我们在平时会经常见到的一些词组和句型。下面做一简要解析：

试题一

主题词——旗袍

旗袍（qipao）是一种雅致的中国服饰，源于中国的满族（Manzu Nationality）。在清代，旗袍是皇室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪20年代，受西方服饰的影响，旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口（cuffs）变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以展现。

如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。

试题二

主题词——深圳

深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个渔村，仅有三万多人。20世纪80年代，中国政府创建了深圳经济特区，作为实施社会主义市场经济的试验田。如今，深圳的人口已超过1000万，整个城市发生了巨大的变化。

到2014年，深圳的人均（per-capita）GDP已达25000美元，相当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。就综合经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内外企业家创业的理想之地。

试题三

主题词——创新

中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。

解析

一、词汇部分

1常考词汇

本次考试的三篇短文的词汇有很多是以往的考试中经常出现的，比如

 源于：come from/originate from/stem from、

 发生一些/巨大变化：…be slightly/greatly/tremendously changed

 如今：now/nowadays/these days/at present

 经常：often/usually/always/frequently

 创建：create/found/establish

 就…而言：in terms of

 创新：innovate/innovation

 赶超：surpass

 增加：increase

 适应：adapt

 独特的：unique

 雅致的/精致的：exquisite

 皇家的：royal

 使…商业化：commercialize

 国内外：domestic and international

2数字

上世纪20年代：1920s

20世纪80年代：1980s

1000万：10 million

30000人和25000美元可以直接写成数字。

3特色词汇

旗袍/满族     文章中直接给出，拿来使用即可

改革开放：reform and opening-up policy

经济特区：Special Economic Zone

社会主义市场经济：socialist market economy

大数据：big data

生物化学：biochemistry

新能源：new energy

4合成词汇

新开发的：newly-developed

这个构词法结构为：副词+连字符+过去分词=形容词

世界级的：world-class

二、语法部分

本次翻译考试语法部分依旧出现了常考的定语从句和被动语态，以及现在完成时、原因状语从句等重点语法。

定语从句

1、旗袍（qipao）是一种雅致的中国服饰，源于中国的满族（Manzu Nationality）。

Qipao, which originates from China’s Manzu Nationality, is an exquisite Chinese clothing.

2、到2014年，深圳的人均（per-capita）GDP已达25000美元，相当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。

By 2014, the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25000 dollars, which is equal to that of some developed countries in the world.

3、中国的大学和研究所正在积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各类高科技领域。

Chinese universities and research institutes are actively carrying out innovative researches, which cover various high-tech fields ranging from big data to biochemistry and from new energy to robots.

被动语态

1、受西方服饰的影响，旗袍发生了一些变化。

Qipao was slightly changed due to the influence of western clothes.

2、如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。

Nowadays, qipao is often seen in many world-class fashion shows.

3、深圳的人口已超过1000万，整个城市发生了巨大的变化。

The population of Shenzhen has exceeded 10 million and the whole city has been greatly/tremendously changed.

4、深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。

Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China.

三、常见问题及解决方法

1、语序调整：中文的断句和英文的断句在本质上是不一样的，不能看到中文的标点就来确定英文的标点，要以句群为单位，目的是能够完整地表达原文的意思。

2、修饰成分的翻译：看到“的”要特别注意，如果前面是一个已有形容词，就直接翻译，如果不是形容词，要注意用A of B的模式。比如，“作为实施社会主义市场经济的试验田”，“深圳的人口”，“西方服饰的影响”，“中国女性的民族服饰”等，都可以用of来解决。

3、单词积累：单词是构成句子的基础，要注意常考单词的积累和不常见词组的灵活转化。

翻译题参考译文

试题一

Qipao, which originates from China’s Manzu Nationality, is an exquisite Chinese clothing. Qipao is a kind of loose robe for royal women in Qing Dynasty. In 1920s, qipao was slightly changed due to the influence of western clothes. The cuffs of qipao became narrow and the robe short, which enabled qipao to fully express women’s beauty.

Nowadays, qipao is often seen in many world-class fashion shows. It is usually the first choice for Chinese women when they attend important social parties. What’s more, many Chinese brides will choose it as their wedding dress. Some influential figures even proposed that qipao should be made as the national costume of Chinese women.

试题二

Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong province, China. Before the implementation of reform and opening-up policy, it was a fishing village with a population of 30000. In the 1980s, Chinese government established Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental field for practicing socialist market economy. At present, the population of Shenzhen has exceeded 10 million and the whole city has been greatly changed.

  By 2014, the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25000 dollars, which is equal to that of some developed countries in the world. In terms of overall economic strength, Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China. Also, Shenzhen is an ideal place for entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their business because of its unique status.

试题三

China’s innovation is flourishing faster than ever before. In order to surpass developed countries on science and technology as soon as possible, China has greatly increased funds for research and development. Chinese universities and research institutes are actively carrying out innovative researches, which cover various high-tech fields ranging from big data to biochemistry and from new energy to robots. They are also cooperating with science and technology parks in different places to commercialize innovation achievements. Meanwhile, Chinese entrepreneurs are striving to become pioneers of innovation both in their products and business models to adapt to the changing and increasing demands in domestic and international consumer markets.

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